Fire in forklift on board fishing vessel – lessons learned
During fishing operations, smoke was observed via camera in the cargo and freezer room of the vessel, and the fire alarm was triggered. The fire originated from an electric forklift.
Course of events
When the fire was discovered, the fire team was quickly assembled and mustered in the factory. Power and ammonia coolant to the freezer room were shut off.
The fire team was briefed on possible sources of ignition, including the electric forklift and its charger.
Upon entereing the cargo hold, the fire team encountered zero visibility due to dense smoke. Hatches to the cargo hold were opened to improve visiblity. The team changed oxygen bottles severeal times and, on the final set, managed to gain control of the fire.
It took less than 30 minutes from the alarm being triggered until the burning forklift was extinguished with foam. The cables between the battery cells were cut to isolate the electrical potential and prevent reignition.
Consequences
The fire in the forklift's battery casing resulted in a destroyed forklift, loss of cargo and several days of operational downtime.
The potential for damage was significant, and the outcome could have been much worse. Quick handling of the situation, good training and rapid response from the crew were crucial in making the right decisions, likely preventing a dangerous escalation.
One crew member was exposed to hazardous smoke during the fire fighting. He was assisting but only wore an ammonia mask. This person was later placed on sick leave.
Cause and measures
The fire most likely started in the battery casing of the electric forklift or its connection to the charger. The probable cause was a short circuit either within the battery casing or its connection.
The forklift is always left charging when not in use. It is therefore essential that the maintenance system includes checks of the charging cable and its routing through the seat. The cable from the battery to the heater under the battery should also be inspected. Damage to the cables would have been detected during such checks, potentially preventing the fire.
Additional measures implemented after the incident:
- Ensure clear space around the forklift when parked, avoiding flammable materials nearby. Route the charger cable to shorten its length and reduce risk.
- Do not underestimate the number of oxygen bottles needed – ample supply should be available in case of fire.
- Install more monitors on the bridge showing the cargo hold; consider adding displays in the control room, engine room and mess.
- Always use the correct type of mask when extinguishing fires.
- A dedicated container/garage for forklift charging, equipped with a fire suppression system, would help prevent escalation and this type of fire.